feko 5.5 新的改动，英文

Release notes for FEKO Suite 5.5
July 2009
(Changes since Suite 5.4)
FEKO Suite 5.5 introduces many improvements and extensions to FEKO. The focus is on im-
proving the user interface, windscreen antenna modelling and extending existing FEKO kernel
functionality such as periodic boundary conditions. A new graphical utility, named QUEUE-
FEKO GUI, has been developed that allows creating compressed (and optionally encrypted)
packages for execution on a remote cluster using a queuing system. We have also introduced
an automatic update mechanism whereby users can always have the latest, up to date, FEKO
components with minimal eort.
Note that you will require a new licence le that supports Suite 5.5. This licence le is also valid
for all FEKO releases from Suite 5.4 onwards should you need to use an earlier version of FEKO
for some unexpected reason.
Some of the more prominent new features are listed below. Many smaller bug xes and additions
have been included in addition to the listed items.
User interface
Major features
1. The GUI components have been extended to support new features and solution techniques.
These include:
A new windscreen antenna modelling technique (WR, WA and WD cards in EDIT-
FEKO).
A new FEM eigen mode solver (MB and AB cards in EDITFEKO and FEM modal
port in CADFEKO).
Geometrical optics now also allow the use of PEC meshed surfaces. The name \Geo-
metrical optics for dielectrics" has been changed to \Geometrical optics - ray launch-
ing" since this solution method is not restricted to dielectrics anymore.
An extension for adaptive frequency sampling (continuous frequency) to allow speci-
fying the convergence accuracy.
An option to export near eld data to a SEMCAD *.dat le (DA card in EDITFEKO).
The spherical mode source (AS card in EDITFEKO) now supports an arbitrary im-
port orientation.
Far eld requests using the periodic boundary condition can now calculate the far
eld of a nite number of unit cell elements.
The ideal receiving antenna (RA card in EDITFEKO) has been extended to include
the option to only consider the scattered part of the eld.
2. The FEKO update mechanism has been extended to automatically check for updates on
a web server (FEKO website) or a local repository for bandwidth and security sensitive
environments. The updater will notify the user when updates are available and allow the
user to choose whether the updates should be downloaded and installed.
Model creation
1. New geometry primitives have been introduced to aid with model creation.
The analytical curve primitive allows the user to create any analytical curve (not a
surface) in Cartesian, spherical or cylindrical coordinates.
A rectangle primitive has also been introduced to speed up model creation.
The sphere primitive has been extended to create ellipsoids as well as spheres.
2. A new \align" tool has been introduced to easily place objects on structures - the align
tool performs a rotate and a translate as a single transformation.
3. The function and use of workplanes have been improved and workplanes are now used for
creating primitives instead of the \global"-\local" coordinate system of the past.
4. Saved workplanes are now managed (create, edit and remove) in the tree, similar to vari-
ables and named points.
5. Workplane placement has been simplied by placing the workplane easily on existing faces,
edges and wires.
6. Primitive dialogs open with sensible default values allowing easy placement of objects and
a better visual indication of how a parameter aects the primitive.
7. Snapping control has been replaced with auto-snapping by snapping to special points (face
centre, edge centre, etc.) close to the mouse pointer.
8. Snapping also snaps to a clever dynamic grid that resizes to the most suitable size for the
current view.
9. The transforms (mirror, translate and rotate) now also use workplanes so that these trans-
forms can easily be applied with arbitrary orientation.
10. A number of the operators (split, sweep and spin) have been extended to use workplanes
to enable operations with arbitrary orientation.
11. The polygon, polyline and tted spline primitives can now contain degenerate points (two
consecutive identical points).
12. It is now possible to delete a face from a PEC (perfect electrically conducting) solid - the
region property is automatically set to free space.
13. When a geometry part is deleted the associated ports, excitations and loads will automat-
ically be deleted.
14. It is now possible to add and remove items from a union and other boolean operators
without having to copy the contents out to the root and recreating the boolean operation.
15. Rectangle and polygon select now provides an \add to current selection" mode in addition
to the existing \toggle selection" functionality. Holding down <Shift> during the selection
adds to the current selection.
16. Context menus (right-click menus) in CADFEKO have been extended both in the model
and details tree as well as in the 3D view.
Importing, exporting and meshing
1. Entity names are now used as labels for imported models.
2. NASTRAN meshes can be exported directly from CADFEKO (it does not use PREFEKO).
3. NEC mesh imports are now available directly from within CADFEKO.
4. A \fast mesh" short-cut has been added that meshes without requiring user input - it
simply replaces the current mesh by re-meshing with the current mesh settings.
Solution setup
1. When an excitation is added a new item will also appear under the \calculation" part of
the tree to indicate that source data will be calculated by simply adding an excitation. It
indicates that it is not required to add an S-parameter request when the input impedance
or re
ection coecient is required.
2. The FEM (and thus tetrahedral meshing) is now set in the same way as all the other
solution methods. It is a solution method option of a dielectric region.
3. The general non-radiating network and transmission line connections are now set up using
a graphical interface.
4. Vertex ports are now allowed on the end of wires that are connected to innite ground
planes and UTD plates.
5. The \Maximum number of iterations" for the FEM can now be set in CADFEKO.
6. The use of symmetry in connection with physical optics (PO) ray-tracing has been enabled
in the CADFEKO interface.
7. The transmission line in CADFEKO has the ability to automatically determine the length
of the transmission line using the physical distance between wire ports.
Other improvements to GUI components
1. Variables have been extended to include a comment eld.
2. The notes view now opens in its own window allowing better use of multiple monitors.
3. EM-validation has been extended considerably and it also writes the results to a graphical
log where warnings and errors are indicated and explained.
4. The \zoom to selection" feature has been extended to meshes.
5. It is now possible to click on entity names in the message window to select the corresponding
object.
6. Progress information is indicated while loading and saving of models - this is especially
useful for large models.
7. The display and colour defaults for models that don't have a stored *.cfs le have been
improved.
8. The feature to load the last loaded POSTFEKO session when POSTFEKO starts has been
removed. This results in faster startup times since no sessions les are loaded automatically.
It is still possible (very easy) to load the last session since it is available in the list of recently
used les.
9. POSTFEKO has been extended to display axial ratio as both the minor over major axis
as well as the major over minor axis.
10. Ortho-slice contours in POSTFEKO can now be placed as specied positions.
11. Ortho-slice contours in POSTFEKO can now also be coloured individually.
12. POSTFEKO 2D near eld display options now allow to display the minimum or maximum
of the component magnitudes.
13. A new true type font (TTF) has been added to POSTFEKO to improve the display of
text on 2D graphs.
14. Extensions and modications to existing cards have been included in EDITFEKO. EDIT-
FEKO has also been extended to support various new cards available in the FEKO Suite
5.5 release.
15. A new GUI component, QUEUEFEKO GUI, has been developed that creates packages
(with optional encryption) to be executed on batch queuing systems such as PBS. The
new utility can create packages and extract the results after the run has completed.
Geometry cards and pre{processing
1. New options for PREFEKO to output variables, their values and comments:
{print-variables Print a list of all variables (names, comments, values) to the screen.
{print-variables-to-out Print a list of all variables (names, comments, values) to the
*.out le.
2. The import of cable paths from NASTRAN les are more fault tolerant (e.g. wrong
segment orientation detected and corrected automatically).
Control cards and solution kernel
1. More than 350 smaller extensions and bug xes.
2. New Geometrical optics (ray launching) support for metallic triangles (PEC).
3. New technique for modelling windscreen antennas.
4. New modal ports for the FEM have been introduced that allows excitation of Microstrip
lines, co-planar waveguides and waveguides with an arbitrary shape.
5. The PBC has been extended to support dielectrics and wires.
6. Improved performance by updating to the latest math libraries and compilers, e.g. now
using Intel 11.0 compilers, which provide signicant speed advantage for modern CPUs
supporting SSE3 or SSSE3, but also on old CPUs only supporting SSE2 one can observe
a performance increases up to 100% for certain FEKO solution phases.
7. For parallel FEKO runs on the same machine (e.g. multi-core), we now split the available
system memory per process (e.g. no longer need to adjust FEKO MAXALLOC for parallel
runs depending on number of processes on the host.)
8. For parallel FEKO runs avoiding problems when the le $HOME/.mpd.conf does not exist
locally on all nodes (earlier we created it automatically if missing, but only on the master
node.)
9. Update of Intel MPI for parallel FEKO versions under Linux and Windows to version 3.2.1
with a number of bug xes and improvements (performance etc.)
10. Support of Microsoft MPI for 64-bit Windows HPC 2008 and full integration into the
HPC job scheduler (through the existing command line option {use-job-scheduler of RUN-
FEKO).
11. Stopped support for ScaMPI from ScaLi (SCI no longer used, and all other interconnects
now covered by Intel MPI).
12. Password based authentication is no longer needed for single-node parallel runs on Win-
dows.
13. For cluster (multi-node) parallel runs on Windows we now also support of Active Directory
authentication (Windows domain required).
14. Parallel FEKO runs now support the option \-np all" which starts FEKO on all machines
and CPUs/cores as available from the machines le.
15. Option to export 3D near-eld data into the SEMCAD format. Motivation is to allow
SEMCAD users the modelling of complex environments with FEKO (e.g. SAR in human
phantoms in a car, model car with FEKO and use interior elds then as excitation in
SEMCAD).
16. Ideal receiving antenna (RA card) now also supporting to only \receive" the scattered eld
(i.e. we exclude the incident eld contribution).
17. Supporting newer GRASP / Ticra versions regarding spherical mode import.
18. Improved checks regarding correct application of symmetry.
19. Improved performance when using symmetry (in some cases we can now further reduce
the number of unknowns).
20. Improved geometry checks regarding overlapping cuboidal volume elements.
21. Improvements for iterative solvers (MLFMM/FEM), e.g. now using a minimum number
of iterations to avoid pre-mature convergence.
22. Improved performance for geometry checks involving waveguide ports (now also making
use of nearest neighbour lists).
23. Grouping of MLFMM now much faster on Windows (typical example took 248 sec, now
down to 1 sec).
24. Using FEM in a completely closed PEC environment now supported without having MoM
basis functions on the metallic triangles (e.g. resonator, closed waveguide).
25. Updates to the SAR calculations (relaxed cube validity test for peak SAR, improved local
search algorithms, adjustments to comply with IEEE P1528.1/D1.0 from January 2007,
e.g. air restriction now 20%.)
26. Improvements regarding the automatic modal expansion of waveguide ports (in some cases
not all evanescent modes were considered).
27. Allow the usage of CFIE or MFIE (both for MoM or MLFMM) also at closed surfaces
with a wire junction.
28. Arbitrary rotation (,) for spherical modes is now supported.
29. Changes around S-parameters computations to avoid possible confusion:
For 1-port networks skip current S-parameter computation and compute S11 directly
(advantage, no need to add/remove loads etc.)
For n-port networks (with n  2) while processing S-parameter requests, no longer
write source / power / impedance data to *.out and *.bof les (was misleading as
eect of port loads was included.)
30. Performance optimisations for waveguide port excitations by using pre-computations and
other techniques. Was in particular a problem for MLFMM solutions (as certain waveguide
terms required during each iteration).
31. New option to set the desired convergence accuracy for continuous frequency runs (using
ADAPTFEKO):
High: Will use more samples, advisable for highly resonant structures (several sharp res-
onances)
Normal: Same as before
Low: Will use fewer samples, faster, for smooth results
32. Ability to use adaptive frequency sampling (continuous frequency) also with multiple so-
lution requests. This also allows mixed frequency (discrete and continuous) calculations
in a single model.
Optimisation
1. So far we supported either parallel FEKO runs from a sequential optimisation process, or
using parallel optimisations (i.e. farming), but then each optimisation thread only used
sequential FEKO runs. Now the combination of the two is supported, i.e. farming during
optimisations, and then using parallel FEKO runs (e.g. Multicore hosts.)
2. For PSO (particle swarm) and GA (genetic) optimisations now a seed value can be set
which in
uences the start values (i.e. dierent optimisation runs will then dier.)
3. Smaller adjustments to the solution control, e.g. now always run CADFEKO BATCH
and PREFEKO even for models without CADFEKO geometry (solution control then still
enabled).
4. Changed output of results from sensitivity analysis to make this more intuitive.
Support components and licencing
1. Fully automatic update mechanism (not just inform users about available updates, but
download and install them automatically). Works either from update repository on our
WWW site, but also from a local company le server.
2. Windows installation of FEKO got certied by Veritest (partner of Microsoft) for both
client (Windows XP) and server (Windows HPC) environments.
3. Ability to restrict or deny usage of
oating licences to list of specied users or hosts (e.g.
prevent that parallel cluster licence is checked-out on desktop PCs). New conguration le
\secfekod.cfg" where users can specify INCLUDE and EXCLUDE rules for licences with
lists of users and/or hosts (hostname or IP address, also wildcards).
4. Support of a new environment variable FEKO LICENSE FILE which can be set to point
to an alternative location of the FEKO licence le.
5. Extended detection algorithms of number of cores per CPU to also support most recent
CPUs (required for multi-core licence policy).
6. Improved usage of dongle licences on Windows remote desktops.

又更新了呀！，好快。

期待中，关注着

iontrap 朋友你有5.5?

从他们网站上下载的

用户界面（User interface）
主要特点
1.        GUI模块被扩展到支持新的功能和求解技术，包括：
¨           一种新的风窗玻璃天线模拟技术 (EDITFEKO中的WR, WA和WD卡)。
¨           新的FEM本征摸求解器(EDITFEKO中的MB和AB卡，CADFEKO中的FEM模式端口)。
¨           几何光学可用于PEC网格表面，名为“Geometrical optics for dielectrics”的求解方法已经改为“Geometrical optics -ray launching”，这是因为这种求解方法已经不仅仅用于求解介质。
¨           自适应频率取样(continuous frequency)被扩展到允许指定收敛精度。
¨           导出近场数据到SEMCAD的*.dat文件的选项(EDITFEKO中的DA卡)。
¨           球面波模式激励源(EDITFEKO中的AS卡)现在可支持任意定位的激励导入。
¨           采用了周期边界条件的远场求解现在可只计算有限数目单元的远场贡献。
¨           理想接收天线(EDITFEKO中的RA卡)被扩展到包含了可只考虑散射场部分的选项。
 
2.        FEKO可自动在线（连接FEKO网站或者由于带宽或安全因素使用本地更新服务器）检查更新。当有更新包可用时，更新器会通知用户，允许用户来选择是否下载和安装这些更新包。
建模（Model creation）
1.        加入了新的几何原型定义方式辅助建模。
¨           解析曲线原型定义可让用户建立笛卡尔坐标，球坐标或柱坐标下的任意解析的曲线（不是曲面）。
¨           新增矩形原型定义以加速几何建模。
¨           球体原型定义被扩展到不只建立球体，同时可建立椭球体。
 
2.        新增一种对齐工具，方便把目标放置在载体上。对齐工具实现一个旋转和转移的变换操作。
3.        工作平面的功能和使用有改进，工作平面替代原先的全局和局部坐标系统在建立模型原型时使用。
4.        保存的工作平面现在可以在工程树中被管理（建立，编辑和删除）,与变量和命名点类似。
5.        通过将工作平面方便的放置于已存在的面，边和线上，而使得工作平面的放置得到大幅简化。
6.        原型定义对话框打开时，具有合理的默认值，允许简单的物体放置，改变参数时，参数对模型的影响在视图上有更好的体现。
7.        粘附控制被粘附到靠近鼠标的特殊点（面中心，边中心，等）的自动粘附模式替代。
8.        另外，粘附方式可粘附到一个更灵活的动态网格上，该网格随着当前的视图重新改变网格大小到合适的尺寸。
9.        变换（镜像，变换，旋转）现在也可用于工作平面，因此，这些操作可方便用于任意方位（Orientation）。
10.   一系列操作(劈开，扫描，旋转)扩展为用工作平面操作，方便了任意坐标方位下的操作。
11.   多边形，多折线和拟合曲线原型定义现在可以包含退化的点(两个连续的相同点)。
12.   现在可直接从一PEC体上删除一个面，体信息自动设置为自由空间。
13.   当几何部件被删除时，其相关的端口，激励和负载等信息跟着一起删除。
14.   现在可以从一个进行了合并或其它布尔操作后的项目中加入或删除项目，而不需要拷贝原来的项目到根级再重新建立布尔操作。
15.   矩形选框和多边形选框现在在“切换选择”功能基础上新增了“加入到当前选择”模式，将选择目标加入当前选择时按下<Shift>键操作即可。
16.   CADFEKO中的快捷菜单(右键菜单)被扩展为在3D视图上和模型和细节树上均可用。
导入，导出及分网（Importing, exporting and meshing ）
1.        实体名称现在可用在导入模型中作为标签。
2.        NASTRAN网格可直接从CADFEKO中导出（不使用PREFEKO）。
3.        NEC网格导入功能现在CADFEKO中直接可用。
4.        在分网菜单中加入一个不需要用户输入的快速分网方式，简化用新剖网格替代当前网格时的设置。
 
求解设置（Solution setup）
1.        当加入激励后，通过简化激励设置，求解项目下也会出现一个新的项目以说明源数据会被计算，这表明当需要输入阻抗，反射系数等信息时，不再需要设置一个单独的S参数求解。
2.        FEM(使用四面体单元)与其他的求解方法使用同样的方式设置。它是介质区域的一种求解方法。
3.        常规非辐射网格和传输线连接现在可用图形界面设置。
4.        顶点端口可在与无限大地面或UTD平板连接的线端上使用。
5.        FEM的最大迭代次数现在可在CADFEKO中设置。
6.        与PO连接的射线追踪的对称性可在CADFEKO界面中使用。
7.        CADFEKO中的传输线可用线端口间的物理长度自动确定传输线的长度。
 
GUI模块的其他改进（Other improvements to GUI components）
1.        变量定义增加了一个注释域。
2.        工程说明视图在其自有的窗口内打开，便于多显示器的更好利用。
3.        EM检查工具得到扩展，将结果写入一个图形界面的log文件中，该文件内含有警告，错误等提示和说明信息。
4.        “缩放到选择”工具扩展到支持网格。
5.        可在消息窗口内点击实体名称从而选中对应的目标。
6.        当载入和保存模型时，显示进度信息，这对于大模型特别有用。
7.        对于那些没有存储*.cfs文件的模型的显示和颜色默认有改进。
8.        当POSTFEKO打开时载入上次的模型的特性被移除。由于没有会话信息需要自动载入，这将加速POSTFEKO的启动。要载入上次会话非常容易，只需要到最近列表内选取即可。
9.        POSTFEKO可显示轴比，不管是最大值比最小值，还是最小值比最大值。
10.   POSTFEKO中的切片云图现在可显示在指定位置。
11.   POSTFEKO中的切片云图现在亦可分别指定颜色。
12.   POSTFEKO二维近场显示选项现在可支持最小或最大幅度分量。
13.   一种新的实字体(TTF)加入到POSTFEKO中，以改进二维图中的字体显示。
14.   EDITFEKO中已有卡片的多处扩展和修改。EDITFEKO也被扩展到可以支持FEKO套装5.5中的多个新的卡片。
15.   开发了一个新的GUI组件QUEUEFEKO GUI，用于将如PBS之类的排队系统要用到的文件打包。新组件可以打包以及计算完成后解压结果文件。
 
几何卡片及前处理（Geometry cards and pre–processing）
1.        PREFEKO新增输出变量，变量值及其注释等信息的选项：
¨           –print-variables打印所有变量的列表（名字，注释，值）到屏幕。
¨           –print-variables-to-out 打印所有变量（名字，注释，值）列表到*.out文件。
2.        导入NASTRAN文件中的线缆路径功能容差性更好(如：检测到错误的线段方向并自动修正)。
控制卡片和求解核心（Control cards and solution kernel）
1.        超过350个小扩展和bug修复。
2.        新的几何光学（射线寻迹）方法扩展到支持金属单元(PEC)。
3.        模拟风窗玻璃天线的新技术。
4.        FEM方法新增了模式端口，可激励微带线，共面波导及任意形状的波导。
5.        周期边界条件（PBC）扩展到可以支持介质和线结构。
6.        更新到最新的数学库和编译器，以获得更好的性能。如，现在使用Intel 11.0的编译器，该编译器不但在新的支持SSE3或SSSE3技术的CPU上将有明显的速度提升，而且在只支持SSE2的老式CPU上，对于某些FEKO求解步骤亦可获得高达100%的速度提升。
7.        同机器（多核）上的并行FEKO求解，现在将可用系统内存按照每个进程分开（如，不再需要根据主机上运行的进程数来修改FEKO MAXALLOC变量）。
8.        并行FEKO运行中，避免了$HOME/.mpd.conf文件在所有的节点上均不存在时出现的问题。(早期如果无此文件将自动建立，但是只在主节点上建立。)
9.        Linux和Windows系统下，将Intel MPI更新到3.2.1版本，并修复了不少bug，大幅提升了性能。
10.   64位Windows HPC 2008平台下支持微软MPI，并完全集成到HPC的任务管理器中（通过已经存在的RUNFEKO的命令行选项-use-job-scheduler实现）。
11.   停止对ScalLi的ScaMPI的支持（SCI不再采用，其他互联技术支持现在均被Intel MPI覆盖）。
12.   Windows下单机上的基于口令的授权不在需要。
13.   对Windows下的集群（多节点）系统下的并行计算，现在可支持动态目录授权机制（Windows域内采用）
14.   并行FEKO运行现在支持选项“-np all”用于启动机器配置文件中的所有机器上的所有CPU内的所有核心参与并行计算。
15.   增加选项导出三维近场数据成SEMCAD格式。目的是允许SEMCAD用户用FEKO来模拟复杂环境（如，汽车内人体模型的SAR分析，用FEKO模拟汽车，再用内部场作为激励在SEMCAD中再分析）
16.   理想接收天线(RA卡)现也支持只接收散射场部分。(如，去掉入射场部分的贡献)
17.   球面波模式导入现支持最新的GRASP / Ticra版本。
18.   正确使用对称性时的检查功能得到改进。
19.   使用对称性时的性能得到提升(某些例子中，我们可以大大减少未知量的数目)。
20.   重叠立方体单元的几何检查方面有改进。
21.   迭代求解器(MLFMM/FEM)方面有改进，如，现在应用了一个最小迭代步数来避免过早熟收敛问题）。
22.   包含波导端口的几何检查性能得到提高(现在采用了最临近列表)。
23.   MLFMM的分组在Windows上现在非常快(典型例子以前要248秒，现在低于1秒)。
24.   完全封闭的PEC环境现在可以用FEM求解，而不需要采用MoM基函数来模拟金属贴片（如谐振器，封闭波导等）。
25.   SAR计算方面有更新(放松了峰值SAR方块可用检查测试，改进了局部搜索算法，修正了与2007年1月发布的IEEE P1528.1/D1.0标准的依从性。如，现在空气的限制标准为20%)
26.   波导端口方面的自动模式展开有较大改进(某些情况下，不是所有的凋落模都考虑了)。
27.   封闭面上有线连接的情况也可使用CFIE或MFIE求解(MoM和MLFMM均可)。
28.   支持球面波模式任意旋转(θ,φ)。
29.   S参数计算时有些修改以避免可能的混淆。
¨           对于1端口网络忽略当前的S参数计算，直接计算S11(好处，不再需要加或减负载)
¨           对于n端口的网络（如n为2），处理S参数求解时，源，功率，阻抗等数据不再写入*.out文件和*.bof文件（因已包含了端口负载的影响，以免被误导）。
30.   波导端口激励采用了预计算和其他技术优化了性能。这原来对于MLFMM求解来说尤其是个问题(因为每次迭代都需要某个波导项目)。
31.   新增连续频段求解时设置所需收敛精度的选项。（采用ADAPTFEKO）
¨           High: 将采用更多的采样点，建议用于高谐振结构（有几个明显谐振点）
¨           Normal: 与以前相同
¨           Low: 将采用较少的取样点，快速，用于较平滑的结果
32.   多个求解需求时，也可采用自适应频率采样(连续频点)。这也允许在同一个模型中使用混合频率（离散和连续）计算。
优化（Optimisation）
33.   之前，FEKO支持一个串行优化进程下的并行FEKO求解，也支持并行优化（如farming），但是此时，每个优化线程仅使用串行FEKO求解。现在可支持两种方式的混合。如优化时采用farming方式，同时采用并行FEKO求解（多核主机）。
34.   PSO(粒子束算法)和GA (遗传算法)优化算法先可设置优化种子，该种子将影响优化开始值（如，不同的优化将有区别）。
35.   求解控制的小修正，如现在对于没有CADFEKO几何的模型也可运行CADFEKO BATCH和PREFEKO（求解控制也可用）
结果的输出根据敏感度分析而改变，使得敏感度更直观。

where is the licgen?

thaaaaaanks

那位大哥有啊 分享一下吧！

encryption) to be executed on batch queuing

标注下！ 后面来看。